No Child Left Behind ( Nclb ) Essay - 1860 Words

NCLB and Title III in Relation to ELLs No Child Left Behind (NCLB) has been something that brings out a lot of opinions of many different people living in the United States. As with everything political, people have positive opinions of NCLB, but also very negative ones. This spurs from the fact that NCLB may work better for some students, but perhaps not for others. Parents are frustrated by NCLB if their children struggle because of it and perhaps did not struggle before its existence. A lot of things are difficult pertaining to this Act, but one that may be much more difficult than others is when it comes down to dealing with how to teach ELL students in this country. Many people believe that Title III of NCBL really hurts ELLs in the United States, and there are many articles to prove that to be the case. Title III is very much dated in terms of what is happening in this country right now. When able to compare it to the Bilingual Education Act, it seems to have taken a step backward from what was happening in te rms of education in the late 20th century. There seems to be more of a focus on ELLs learning English, and not worrying about their native language, even though many young students may not even be especially proficient in their native language, even more so if they came to the United States at a very young age. This paper will show how NCLB and Title III indeed hurt non native students when it comes to learning, and how not having the Act would help ELLsShow MoreRelatedNo Child Left Behind ( Nclb )1409 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1965, then President Johnson signed the Elementary and Secondary Education Act into law. Over the years it has been repeatedly reauthorized and updated by congress. No Child Left Behind (NCLB) was first introduced as House Resolution 1 during the 107th Congress in March of 2001. The Act aimed to ensure that all students regardless of race or socioeconomic status would have the opportunity for a solid education. The 2002 reauthorization included major biparti san efforts to expose achievement gapsRead MoreNo Child Left Behind ( Nclb )761 Words   |  4 PagesNo Child Left Behind (NCLB); at the state level for example in Texas it is the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS). Due to poor school performance once again, the United States Educational Policy is in the midst of an education reform. No Child Left Behind (NCLB) is currently the educational policy in the United States. Prior to NCLB, the educational policies in effect were â€Å"A Nation at Risk, in 1987 America 2000, and a few years later with Goals 2000† (Eisner, 2001, p.21). No Child LeftRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb )1007 Words   |  5 PagesGeorge W. Bush is the No Child Left behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). This is a landmark educational reform designed to improve student achievement and drastically change the culture of American’s schools. In fact, President Bush describes the law as the â€Å"cornerstone of his administration.† Because children are our future, President Bush wanted to ensure our neediest children were not left behind. This paper will discuss pros, cons, and impact on students, teachers, and parents of NCLB. www.ed.gov In thisRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb )1227 Words   |  5 PagesThe No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) is a United States Act of Congress that is a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, which included Title I, the government s flagship aid program for disadvantaged students. No Child Left behind was enacted with the intent to become a government aid program for disadvantaged students, and eventually raise the general education standards for the United States. This act was created with the idea to â€Å"close the achievement gap withRead MoreWhen The No Child Left Behind Act ( Nclb )1865 Words   |  8 PagesBefore The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) Before to the ratification of NCLB, the two main policies in effect relating to ESL students were The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) and the Bilingual Education Act (Title VII of the ESEA) (Menken, 2010). The ESEA was put into action in the United States as a way to make sure that those who cannot afford to pay to go to school will have to opportunity to go to school and receive an education. The ESEA is the primary law that funds the pubicRead MoreEssay on No Child Left Behind Act (Nclb)858 Words   |  4 PagesNo Child left Behind Act (NCLB) In 2002, President Bush signed into law No Child Left Behind Act, to ensure that every state is testing every child. (http://www.whithouse.gov/infocus/education/2007) Students from culturally, and linguistically backgrounds, expanding access to tutoring, help parents to get information in time for their children. Our children must be equipped with the knowledge and skills to compete in the global economy. (Judy,R.,Reading in content areas.pg.71,2006) It is importantRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind ( Nclb ) Act Of 2001 Essay1773 Words   |  8 PagesThis trend reached its climax with the implementation of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001. Over a decade has passed since the full implementation of this landmark legislation and many involved in education and pondering the true success of the program. Has the NCLB agenda improved the quality of learning in America or created a culture of failure that is hindering the efforts of educators? The primary goal of NCLB was to create a unified set of standards that would provide an equalRead MoreEffectiveness Of The No Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb )1613 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction This study will focus on the effectiveness of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). The NCLB Act of 2001 was a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA) (www.newamerica.org). The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 was a Great Society program that allocated federal funds for education and looked to hold schools accountable (www2.ed.gov). The NCLB Act of 2001 was passed through Congress in 2001 with bipartisan support and greatly increasedRead MoreNo Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb ) And It Mandates882 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction What is No Child Left behind? This author discusses the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001(NCLB) and it mandates that every student in K-12 public schools will reach basic proficiency in math and reading by 2014. The goals of the accountability component of NCLB place emphasis on closing the achievement gap for all public school students, regardless of their socioeconomic status, ethnicity, or disabilities. The Federal Government mandates annual testing of all students in grades threeRead MoreThe Standards Of Education : The No Child Left Behind Act ( Nclb ) Essay1826 Words   |  8 PagesThe values of education have been promised to get better by the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), but instead the values have dramatically decreased. Standardize testing was enabled to help each child receive a fair and just education (Guilfoyle 14). The NCLB was put in place to help each school be able to help the students. Instead, not every school is equal and not every child is receiving the best education the government can p rovide. The Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (ASCD)

Success Factor for Zara - 1108 Words

What are the Key success factors of Zara? â€Å"The ability to respond to customer requirements on a timely basis has always been a fundamental element of the marketing concept.† Martin Christopher et.al. Hence, it is important being proactive in a market such as the fast-fashion industry which Zara is operating in, time is always a crucial factor. The fast-fashion market, amongst other things, is characterized by short lifecycles, high volatility, low predictability, and high-impulse purchases. Therefore, it is very important for Zara to constantly have their products available for a potential customer in order to sell and earn more profit. Since the fast-fashion market is also constantly shifting and trends can be replaced over a night,†¦show more content†¦By having products for a reasonable price with relatively high quality, Zara is one of the leading fast-fashion companies in the world. But, how does their company function to have this much success? One of the main reasons why Zara is so competitive is because they have suppliers that are strategically designed to fulfill their conceptual idea. Their conceptual idea is to supply trendy clothes, to a broad market, for a reasonable price. Almost 30 percent of the company`s suppliers are situated in either Spain or parts of Europe. The local presence of the manufacturing facilities within a short distance to many of their stores and headquarters, has allowed the company to be very flexible in a changing market. With high integration to the company ´s suppliers, the products that are highly sensitive to availability and proactive response are mainly produced in Europe. They minimize costs and lead-time because of the local presence, which makes it possible to introduce new and fresh merchandise multiple times a year. Since, major parts of the production are situated locally, the products can reach the stores at the right time, meet the actual demand, and reach a higher sell-throug h. The other part of their product line that is not susceptible for seasonal changeShow MoreRelatedZara International Case Study1000 Words   |  4 PagesZara International was a retail shop originated in La Coruna, Spain in 1975. It was clothing and accessories shop and imitated the latest fashion trends and sold them at a lower cost. It became Zara International after entering Portugal in 1988 and then the United States and France in the 1990s. The distributor for this brand is Inditex and is considered the most successful retail chain in the world. Zara has a business strategy that is very different from the retailers nowadays. If a customer ordersRead MoreThe Retail Giant Of Zara Essay1351 Words   |  6 PagesThe retail giant Zara have proven that utilizing all resources and different management techniques branded the store as a fashion empire. However, Zara has been named one of the most profitable retailers in the world. Zara has expanded and is operating stores all over t he world which makes the retailer global. The philosophy behind the retail giant is immersing new fashion fast. Furthermore, Zara focus is producing high-end quality clothes through creativity. The retail giant uses a rapid responseRead MoreZara Corporate Strategy1203 Words   |  5 PagesCorporate Strategy – Zara The  core concept of Zara s business model is they sell medium quality fashion clothing at affordable prices, and vertical integration and quick-response is key to Zara s business model.   Through the  entire process  of Zara s business system: designing, sourcing and manufacturing, distribution and retailing, they presented four  fundamental  success factors: short cycle time, small batches per product, extensive variety of product every season and heavy investment inRead MoreCase Study : Marketing Brand Management Essay1398 Words   |  6 Pagesorganization Introduction of Brand: Zara is one of the most famous brands in the world, is also one of the largest international fashion companies. They is the third largest brands in the garment industry. Zara is a Spanish clothing brand. Zara is part of the Inditex group of Spanish fashion distributors. Inditex is one of the largest fashion retail dealers in the world. It has more than 4780 stores in 77 countries in Europe, America, Asia and Africa. The owner s name is Zara Amancio Ortega. Amancio OrtegaRead MoreCase Study - Zara International694 Words   |  3 PagesJay Case Study: Zara International Fashion at the Speed of Light Question 1: In what ways are elements of the classical and behavioral management approaches evident in how things are done at Zara International? How can systems concepts and contingency thinking explain the success of some of Zara’s distinctive practices? Answer 1: Elements of the classical management approach are very evident at Zara International. The classical management approach contains three branches, which are scientificRead MoreZar A Critique Of A Business Case Essay1269 Words   |  6 Pagesstrategy in the retail industry is the strategy employed by Zara which is discussed in this critique. Zara started as a single shop in La Coruna and then rapidly spread its wings to 68 countries; opening a store each day - one of the fastest global expansions the world has ever seen. Throughout the entire system of Zara’s business; designing, sourcing, manufacturing, distribution process and retailing come out a number of success factors: short cycle time, small batches per product, extensive varietyRead MoreCase Study : Zaras Success1299 Words   |  6 Pages3.0 Zara s success is due to its approaches to operations management Discuss. 3.1 INTRODUCTION Operations management refers to all operations and activities within the organization responsible for the creation of goods and services that the organization passes to its customers. The main activities of operation management include managing purchases, quality control, inventory control, storage and logistics and a great deal of focus is on efficiency and effectiveness of such a process (slackRead MoreDelivering Sources of Value (channels) To what extent does the organisation use multiple channels1400 Words   |  6 Pagesrelated or communication related) to its customers? Zara offers many sources of value to their customers, with heavy focus on the social and hedonic benefits of their product lines. Customer value is hard to define, and thus have many different ways of understanding from person to person. Generally, values may refer to: low price, receiving what you want, quality to price, and comparing what is received to what is sacrificed (Zeithaml 1988). Zara appeals to these ideologies of value through a varietyRead MoreZara Is Supporting The Business1309 Words   |  6 Pagesstrategy at Zara is supporting the business? Information Technology is the core of Zara’s business model. Zara currently uses the point of sale (POS) as one of the infrastructure based upon DOS which Zara is the only customer. DOS system is simple, user-friendly and it gives no problem at all. It allows Zara to have a responsive and integrated supply chain to gather information from the market in order to allow them to make quick decision, production and delivery of product. As Zara aims for fastRead MoreZara Internationalization Analysis1099 Words   |  5 PagesZARA-Internationalization Analysis When it comes to internationalization strategies, ZARA is the perfect case to look at. By putting in practice a set of different strategies, ZARA has accomplished great positioning worldwide and is one of the most recognized brands in the apparel market. Listed below are the main internationalization strategies ZARA has used to become one of the leading clothing brands in the world. Operating Filial When ZARA first started opening stores outside of Spain

How to Become a Better Student Free Essays

To become successful in life, we all need to learn to become a good student in every aspect of life. Becoming a good student is not an easy task. Most would agree that in order to be a good student it takes a great deal of hard work, time and self-discipline. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Become a Better Student or any similar topic only for you Order Now A student who possess these strong characteristics will often times stand out from the rest of their classmates. In order to become a strong student, one must have motivation, positive self-esteem, positive self-talk, commitment and good study habits. It has been said that to get the required performance out of an individual, you just first find what motivates them. There are many ways for a student to become motivated. These include settings goals, creating a dream career, and having good values. If a student makes an effort to try and discover these traits about themselves they will most likely find the motivation they need in their life. Setting goals is the first step a person can take in order to gain the motivation they need to become a better student. A goal is something a person is wishing accomplish in their life. There are two types of goals, short term and long term. Short-term goals are usually less than six months. A student should always set short- term goals for themselves in the beginning of a semester so they can work hard for the next couple of months to achieve them. A long-term goal is what a student is strives for in their more distant future, for example a career path. Setting short-term and long-term goals early on in life is positive tool in order for a student to be successful in their future. Another method to gain motivation is to create a dream career. A student attends college with hopes of receiving a degree that will allow them to specialize in a future job market. A student’s major should be their passion. If an individual majors in something they despise, they will eventually loose their motivation to perform well in their studies. Striving for a career that you love is a great motivation tool that will inspire students to do well in school. Working for a dream career also allows a student to major in something they are passionate about and keeps them motivated throughout their college career. An additional technique to expand student’s motivation is by having good values. A value is a principle that an individual considers important. Students must realize what things in life are of high importance and which things are not. For example a student’s schoolwork should come first and fun should be performed second. If a student considers having fun more important than their schoolwork, then their motivation will be severely lost. In order to balance motivation an individual must set good values for himself or herself to become stronger student. Students not only need to remain motivated but also need to have high amounts of positive self-esteem to stay on top of their studies. Positive self-esteem is defined as â€Å"belief in oneself. † It is also a student’s awareness that he or she is a person of Roth or values simply because he or she is a human being. If students constantly tell themselves that they are not worthy and gives up hope on their studies, they will deteriorate their ability to be a good student. If an individual feels as if they have lost their self-esteem, there are many ways for them to gain it back. To raise self-esteem a student can, pay close attention to their needs, take care of themselves, carry out positive self-talk, and perform in activities that make will make them feel good about themselves. Students that act upon these activities daily will maintain high self-esteem in their lives. It is important to maintain high levels of positive self-esteem because students should not only do well in the classes they are taking, but also feel good about themselves while doing so. Paying attention to one’s own wants and needs is a good first step to take when attempting to gain self-esteem. A good student should always be listening to what their bodies, mind, and heart are telling them. For example, if an individual has been studying for a long period of time, their body is probably telling them to stand up and take a break. People’s heart speak to them about for instances the individuals in heir life who they long to spend more time with. If a student’s mind is telling them to clean their room, they should act upon these thoughts, and clean their room. Acting on these bodily instincts are good ways for students to recognize their needs and to retain back positive self-esteem. Students should also heavily focus on their diets. Individuals who make healthy choices with their fitness and diet will find that they feel better about themselves. To keep a strong mind people need to consume the right foods and always make time in their busy schedules for exercise. Completing these simple tasks can boost a dent’s self-esteem and make sure they are performing at optimal level. In our society today, more students are daily telling themselves that they are not worthy or not smart enough. These negative thoughts people tell themselves are the number one force that can destroy one’s self-esteem. Students should really attempt to use positive self-talk as much as possible. Positive self-talk is defined as any time in which individuals think or talk to themselves in a beneficial manner. Students should start off everyday on a positive note. Simply waking up and starting mornings on a high note can make the day run much more smoothly. Students should not only use positive self-talk in the mornings but should also continue throughout the day. Thinking positive thoughts before a test will in a way make the stress go away and a student will perform better. Positive self-talk is extremely important in a student’s everyday routine because it will give them the confidence they need in their school careers. Another method to keep self-esteem high is for students to carry out the activities that they perform well in. If a student ever becomes frustrated with their schoolwork, they should always take a break and do the activities they love to bring up their self esteem. When a person performs something they love to do it helps them escape from their stress and worries. These are great tools to use while studying because once an individual finishes these special activities and continues with their schoolwork, they will feel refreshed. To perform well in school a student’s self-esteem needs to be high and also their commitment to their studies needs to be a number one priority. Commitment is defined as means to show loyalty, duty, or pledge to someone or something. Staying committed to schoolwork is not an easy task. Students can be distracted by so many efferent outlets today, which make it so easy to break their commitment to their studies. However, these distractions can be avoided by setting out time every day to look over notes from class. Making time everyday for your schoolwork is beneficial because it is keeping the material fresh in your mind and keeps your commitment with school strong. Good study habits follow closely behind a student’s commitment. Study habits are extremely important because it is the fuel for a student to perform well on quizzes and tests. A habit is a preference too particular action that you do a certain way on regular basis. Students should get into the habit of committing to a study schedule everyday. They should routinely take breaks and stay healthy in order to stay focused their studies. To keep their schedule in order students should also use a planner. It is difficult to organize tests and schoolwork without a planner. A Student can become easily confused and should incorporate using a planner everyday in their study habits. Overall, carrying out good study habits everyday will pave the road for students to perform well in their schoolwork. In conclusion, becoming a master student takes time and patience. It is not an easy task to be successful in school but with a lot of hard work it can be accomplished. There are many rewards for becoming a successful student. One of the greatest rewards is graduating from high school, college, or even graduate school. Students must always remember to be successful in school they need to have motivation, positive self-esteem, positive self-talk, commitment and good study habits. If an individual can master using these tools in their everyday routines, they will see the positive results in their schoolwork and in the long run become a stronger student. How to cite How to Become a Better Student, Papers

PSY 315 WEEK 4 PROBLEMS Essay Example For Students

PSY 315 WEEK 4 PROBLEMS Essay PSY 315 WEEK 4 PROBLEMS BY Broca1692 Week 4 Practice Problems 1 1 . List the five steps of hypothesis testing, and explain the procedure and logic of each Step 1: During this step of hypothesis testing, the query is stated again as a research theory and a null theory regarding the populations. The null and research hypothesizes are the opposites of each other. This step is necessary because it explains the theory and recognizes the populations, which will be worked throughout the study. Step 2: During this second step, the characteristics of the comparison distribution is determined. In instances that the null theory is correct, the comparison distribution is compared to the score depending on the samples outcomes. Step 3: During this third step, the cutoff sample score on the comparison distribution at which the null hypothesis should be rejected is determined (Aron, Aron, and Coups, 2009). Here a researcher rejects the null hypothesis if the point of the cutoff sample score reaches or exceeds the sample score. If the null hypothesis is true the Z score is set as a score, which is actually unlikely. Step 4: This is the step in which the tests sample results are gathered and the samples score on the omparison distribution is determined. Step 5: Lastly, this is when the decision whether the null hypothesis is rejected or not is made. A researcher either declares the test invalid or rejects the null hypothesis by comparing the cut off z score to the samples Z score. 14. Based on the information given for each of the following studies, decide whether to reject the null hypothesis. For each, give (a) the Z-score cutoff (or cutoffs) on the comparison distribution at which the null hypothesis should be rejected, (b) the Z score on the comparison distribution for the sample score, and (c) your conclusion. Assume that all populations are normally distributed. Population Study 5 7 Sample score p Tails of Test A . 01 . 05 1 (high predicted) B 1 (high predicted) D 2 A. )(a) 1. 64 Z score cutoff, (b) Z=2 (c) reject the null hypothesis B. )(a) 1. 96 Z score cutoff, (b) Z=2 (c) reject the null hypothesis C. )(a) 2. 3263 Z score cutoff, (b) Z=2 (c) fail to reject the null hypothesis D. )(a) 2. 76 Z score cutoff, (b) Z=2 (c) fail to reject the null hypothesis 18. A researcher predicts that listening to music while solving math problems will make a particular brain area more active. To test this, a research participant has her rain scanned while listening to music and solving math problems, and the brain area of interest has a percentage signal change of 58. From many previ ous studies with this same math problems procedure (but not listening to music), it is known that the signal change in this brain area is normally distributed with a mean of 35 and a standard deviation of 10. (a) Using the . 1 level, what should the researcher conclude? Solve this problem explicitly using all five steps of hypothesis testing, and Illustrate your answer wltn a sketcn snowlng tne comparlson OlstrlDutlon, tne cutoff (or cutoffs), and the score of the sample on this distribution. b) Then explain your answer to someone who has never had a course in statistics (but who is familiar with mean, standard deviation, and Z scores). a. ) First and Foremost, the researcher should conclude whether there is or is not sufficient data and statistical evidence that music actually increase math problem solving skills in people. Below all five steps of hypothesis testing will be examined to determine what the researcher should conclude: Step 1: Since the question needs to be restated as a research hypothesis and a null hypothesis about the populations, the new question would be Does listening to music while solving math problems make a particular brain area more active? (Whitaker, 2013). Population 1: Music increases math problem solving skills. Population 2: Music has no effect on math problem solving skills. Step 2:This step determines the characteristics of the comparison distribution. .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f , .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f .postImageUrl , .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f , .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f:hover , .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f:visited , .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f:active { border:0!important; } .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f:active , .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucce0c1de325b880b8618f223a3c5882f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Media Networks Analysis EssayTherefore, in this research, it is assumed that music increases math problem solving skills. Since the null hypothesis is music has no effect on math problem solving skills , the comparison distribution is population twos distribution. Step 3: Since during this tep, the researcher has to determine the cutoff sample score on the comparison distribution at which the null hypothesis should be rejected, the null hypothesis will be rejected if the music has no effect on math problem solving skills score is within the bottom or the top 2. % of the comparison distribution (Aron, Aron, and Coup, 2009). Furthermore the cutoff Z scores for the 1% level a re -2. 33 or 2. 33. Step 4: The samples score on the comparison distribution is determined which in his case is Z= (x-m)/s = (58-35)/10=2. 30 Step 5: This is the step in which the null hypothesis is rejected or not. Therefore, in this case since 2. 30 Furthermore, the result of this particular and one test is not sufficient evidence and data to reject the belief that the mean percentage is 0. 35. Below there is sketch showing the comparison distribution: (Whitaker, 2013). ReTerences Aron, A. , Aron, E. N. , Coups, E. (2009). Statistics for psychology (5th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Whitaker, S. (2013). Individual Assingment . A Student of Psychology: A Walk Through the Human Mind .